Furthermore, scratch assays demonstrated that Si-PCK1 inhibited the migration of RA-FLS (Figs. 4C and 4D), while flow cytometry analyses indicated that Si-PCK1 promoted apoptosis in RA-FLS (Figs. 4E and 4F), consistent with previous reports on PCK1 knockout in Crohn’s disease (Yang et al., 2024). Here, PCK1 is linked to Crohn disease.