Moreover, Joseph et al. conducted a thorough review of the cardiovascular impacts of race and ethnicity in patients with diabetes and obesity, analyzing data from 3,074 subjects in the SUSTAIN 1-5 and 7 trials, and 1,648 subjects in the SUSTAIN 6 trial. The findings highlighted differing responses to GLP-1 agonists, such as semaglutide and liraglutide, among Asian, Hispanic, and Black populations. Here, GCG is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.