Patients diagnosed with MS exhibited inflammatory changes in the basic CSF parameters significantly more often than patients diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia, including frequent CSF pleocytosis (80%), blood-CSF barrier dysfunction (43%), intrathecal immunoglobulin IgG (66%), IgA (9%) and IgM synthesis (10%), and CSF-specific oligoclonal bands (100%). Here, CD40LG is linked to schizophrenia.