ATF4 and cancer: Recent research revealed that OPA1, a mitochondrial dynamics-like GTPase, sensitizes cells to ferroptosis by maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and function, facilitating mitochondrial lipid-reactive ROS generation and suppressing the ATF4-mediated integrated stress response.132 Additionally, diacyl polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholines (PC-PUFA2s) initiate lipid peroxidation through interactions with the mitochondrial ETC, which is correlated with cancer cell ferroptosis sensitivity.133 Mitochondrial outer membrane-anchored cGAS binds DRP1 to promote its aggregation.