VDAC1 and neoplasm: TOMM20, TOMM34, and FUNDC2 are frequently upregulated, which is correlated with tumor proliferation, migration and invasion.35 Voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) regulates energy metabolism, calcium homeostasis, and apoptosis in tumorigenesis.36 Recent research identifies voltage-dependent anion channel 2 (VDAC2) as a crucial immune signaling-dependent checkpoint in tumors.