IFNG and neoplasm: Low-dose radiation exemplifies the precision of mitochondrial metabolic control by selectively enhancing tumor-infiltrating CD4+IFNγ+ Th1 populations through STING pathway stimulation without affecting CD8+ Tc1 cell or regulatory T-cell proportions.350 Th2 cell development is sensitive to mTOR pathway components, with Raptor-mTORC1-mediated enhanced OXPHOS facilitating the transition from quiescent to actively proliferating states.351