TNF and cancer: They directly influence cancer cell mitochondria by secreting antibodies and cytokines that can alter the mitochondrial membrane potential.370 Cytokines such as IL-10 and TNF-α modify cancer cell mitochondrial pathways, whereas immunoregulatory mediators reshape the local immune microenvironment and metabolic landscape.371 This intricate interplay between B-cell mitochondrial dynamics and tumor metabolism represents a promising frontier for developing more sophisticated cancer immunotherapeutic strategies.