The predicted upstream kinases of these proteins include a number of kinases with key roles in heart remodelling, with the kinase activity of titin (TTN) predicated to be upstream of many changes, demonstrating its role in mediating mechanical stress induced changes and cardiac hypertrophy, as well as an upregulation of AKT, shown to play a role in developmental reprogramming and pathological remodelling upon pressure overload and thereby coinciding with the increased phosphorylation of proteins involved in heart development (Fig. 3d)38,39. Here, TTN is linked to cardiac hypertrophy.