In murine models of oxazolone‐induced AD, both systemic and local administration of adipose‐derived MSC (AD‐MSC) exosomes reduced transepidermal water loss, improved stratum corneum hydration, and suppressed proinflammatory cytokines (IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐13, TNF‐α, IFN‐γ, IL‐17, thymic stromal lymphopoietin [TSLP]) in a dose‐dependent manner [118, 119]. Here, TNF is linked to Alzheimer disease.