AD-associated factors Aβ, tau, and APOE ε4 induce mitochondrial stress, leading to the release of mtDNA, which activates the cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway in microglia and neurons, thereby triggering inflammatory responses [348, 349]. The gene discussed is MAPT; the disease is Alzheimer disease.