AKR1B1 and neoplasm: Previous studies have established the critical role of the fructose metabolism pathway in tumor progression.34,35 To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, key enzymes involved in the polyol‒fructose‒lipid metabolic axis, including AKR1B1, sorbitol dehydrogenase (SORD), ketohexokinase (KHK), aldolase B (ALDOB), α-glucosidase 14 (AGPA14), and diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1), were analyzed (Supplementary Fig. 25a).