Updated protein and cell engineering strategies have made great strides in enhancing the antitumor function of Engineered tumor-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, increasing cancer-targeting specificity, reforming the TME to improve immunotherapeutic outcomes, and preventing tumor escape and relapse.180 CAR-T cells also serve as effective senolytic agents for targeting senescent cells.181 In one study, CAR-T cells were constructed specifically targeting urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR), a cell surface protein widely expressed during senescence. Here, PLAUR is linked to neoplasm.