In summary, EP21 inhibits myopia by (1) delivering anti-inflammatory miRNAs via membrane vesicles to retinal cells, (2) modulating NFκB and NLRP3 inflammasome activation, (3) altering MMP2-mediated tissue remodeling, (4) enhancing anti-inflammatory ubiquitination pathways, and (5) modifying systemic metabolites to inhibit inflammatory signaling (Supplementary Figure S15). This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and myopia.