Physiologically relevantin vitro models of amyloid aggregationare essential for linking structural insights to disease pathology.In type 2 diabetes, aggregation of human islet amyloid polypeptide(hIAPP) into fibrils is a hallmark of β-cell dysfunction, yetstructural data on ex vivo hIAPP fibrils remain unavailable. The gene discussed is IAPP; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.