SPAG6 and bladder transitional cell carcinoma: In recent years, several CTAs associated with BLCA have been reported, including the melanoma-associated antigen A (MAGE-A) family,8 testis-expressed 10,9 sperm-associated antigen 6,10 and CTA 1B.11 These CTA may contribute to BLCA progression and offer promising targets for immunotherapy strategies.