TNFRSF1A and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Figure 1b illustrates that the KIM-1/Cr ratios were significantly elevated in both the L-DKD and H-DKD groups compared to the healthy control and T2DM groups, with the H-DKD group showing a notably higher ratio than the L-DKD group.  Figure 1c highlights that serum TNFR-1 levels were substantially higher in the H-DKD group compared to the other three groups.