Delirium often manifests as acute neuronal dysfunction and cerebral network disintegration, driven by systemic disturbances like inflammation (e.g., elevated cytokines including interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, and IL-8), neurotransmitter imbalances (e.g., reduced acetylcholine or altered serotonin and dopamine signaling), and oxidative stress, which collectively impair brain function and exacerbate underlying critical illnesses such as sepsis or trauma.16 The gene discussed is CXCL8; the disease is Sepsis.