IL1B and Sepsis: Delirium often manifests as acute neuronal dysfunction and cerebral network disintegration, driven by systemic disturbances like inflammation (e.g., elevated cytokines including interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, and IL-8), neurotransmitter imbalances (e.g., reduced acetylcholine or altered serotonin and dopamine signaling), and oxidative stress, which collectively impair brain function and exacerbate underlying critical illnesses such as sepsis or trauma.16