RA-PCI: robotic-assisted percutaneous coronary intervention; M-PCI: manual percutaneous coronary intervention; RMN: remote magnetic navigation; PsAF: persistent atrial fibrillation; L-PsAF: long-standing atrial fibrillation; PVAI: pulmonary vein antrum isolation; CFAE: complex fractionated atrial electrogram; AF: atrial fibrillation; LGCW: local grayscale clustering watershed; PaO2: partial pressure of oxygen; PaCO2: partial pressure of carbon dioxide; LVEF: left ventricle ejection fraction; NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide. The gene discussed is NPPB; the disease is atrial fibrillation.