Also, we aimed to establish the phenotypic characteristics of PCOS in this population, and, because not all women with T1D develop PCOS, we analyzed which factors, such as total daily insulin dose, premenarcheal diagnosis of T1D or presence of overweight, might trigger the development of androgen excess and PCOS in these women (Bayona et al., 2022; García-Sáenz et al., 2023). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.