Using the fixed-effects model and IV method for analysis, the pooled results showed that WBC (HR = 1.11, 95%CI: 1.02, 1.21, P = 0.015) and KL-6 (HR = 1.11, 95%CI: 1.06, 1.16, P < 0.001) were the risk factors for mortality in patients with MDA5+ DM-ILD whereas ESR (HR = 1.00, 95%CI: 0.99, 1.01, P = 0.613) had no effect on mortality (Figure 6). Here, MUC1 is linked to dermatomyositis.