HMGB1 and Hyperglycemia: Beyond pathogens, metabolic factors such as hyperglycemia(Figure 1B), Western-style diet (23), and endogenous molecules—including oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) particles, lipoprotein(a), vimentin, and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)—can also induce trained immunity (24–26).