Subsequently, we detected the exosomal protein markers CD63 and CD81 and found that both the control group (RA-FLS+M0) and the model group (RA-FLS+M0+TNF-α) of the co-culture system exhibited high expression levels of these markers (Figure 1C), confirming the successful extraction of exosomes. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.