To assess whether the patterns of cDC1 and CD8+ T cell states distributions that we observed in murine tumours are preserved in human tumours, we explored a published MERFISH dataset from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients [12] that included markers of cDC1s (such as XCR1, CLEC9A), CD8 and CD4 T cells (CD3E, CD4, CD8), cDC1 states (CXCL9, IL12B, CCR7), and T cell states (TCF1). Here, CD3E is linked to neoplasm.