In an experimental infection study in Brazil, although a different dynamics of cytokine expression were reported across the three animals studied, the cytokines that showed at least one peak in expression level in at least one animal within the first 42 days of the trial were IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, TNF-α, and IFN-γ [24]. Here, TNF is linked to infection.