NMNAT2 and ovarian cancer: Specifically, high levels of cytosolic β-NAD+, produced by elevated nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 2 (NMNAT2) expression in ovarian cancer, activate PARP16 on the ER membrane, where PARP16 MARylates ribosomal proteins, including RPL24, impairing polysome assembly and decreasing protein synthesis.