Through a comprehensive analysis of differentially expressed genes and genes associated with HCC prognosis (Supplementary Table S2), we identified 29 lactylation-related genes significantly correlated with HCC prognosis: ALYREF, CBX3, CCNA2, CACYBP, CCT5, CTCF, EIF3D, G6PD, H2AFZ, H2AX, HCF1, ILF2, ILF3, JPT1, MKI67, NPM1, PPM1G, PRPF6, PRRC2, RCC2, RFC4, RAN, STMN1, TCOF1, TRIM28, and XPO5. This evidence concerns the gene RFC4 and hepatocellular carcinoma.