FOS and osteoporosis: Especially for FOS, a study specifically comparing FOS supplementation with blank control and tart cherry addition (TC; a natural active substance) verified in an osteoporosis model of C57BL/6 female mice that FOS significantly increased the content of SCFAs and the BMC, density, and BV/TV in vertebral bodies and the proximal tibia, which involved the presence of osteoblast genes (Wnt10b, Bmp2, Osterix, and Col1a1) and osteocyte genes (Phex, Dmp1, Mepe, Cnx43, and Sost).