Melatonin acts primarily through the following: it can reduce TOX3 expression by directly activating miR-135b-3p, to thereby inhibit cancer cell migration and proliferation (126); second, melatonin affects is a strong free radical scavenger that impacts quinine reductases to reduce the oxidative damage caused by ROS in tissues (127); finally, melatonin is a strong repressor of transcriptional activity of estrogen-induced estrogen receptor-α (ERα) and inhibits ovarian estrogen production (128), both of which have regulatory roles in the HPG axis. This evidence concerns the gene ESR1 and cancer.