TNF and inflammatory response: Chronic inflammation is an important pathogenic factor in the liver and accelerates the progression of MASLD and MASH, serum levels of many inflammatory markers and mediators, including C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), IL6 and IL8, Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL1RA) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10), have been examined as diagnostic markers.