Conversely, the rs77447679 (C>A) SNP in CBX4 has been associated with increased gastric cancer risk and poorer survival in HCC patients, correlating with higher CBX4 expression and more aggressive tumor characteristics 16, 23, 24.​ CBX4 polymorphisms may modulate the regulatory functions of genes, influencing immune responses to environmental carcinogens. This evidence concerns the gene CBX4 and hepatocellular carcinoma.