Among them, the chemokine family, including CC (e.g., CCL1, CCL3, CCL5, CCL7, and CCL15), CXC (e.g., CXCL1, CXCL3, CXCL5, and CXCL10), XC (e.g., XCL1 and XCL2), and CX3C (e.g., CX3CL1), plays a pivotal role in tumor development, metastasis, and chemotherapy resistance 30-33. This evidence concerns the gene CCL1 and neoplasm.