In AP, damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) released from necrotic acinar cells, such as mitochondrial DNA, extracellular ATP, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which activated NLRP3 inflammasome and resulted in perpetuating a vicious cycle of inflammation, pancreatic necrosis, and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (Papantoniou et al., 2024). Here, NLRP3 is linked to alkaline phosphatase measurement.