In addition, the expression of the genes involved in mitochondrial metabolism, including Pdk1, Mdh2, Sdha, Ndufa4, and Ndufs8, was also altered in DM mouse kidneys compared to that in age-matched WT mouse kidneys, which could be normalized in AP20187-treated DM INK-ATTAC kidneys (Fig. 5C). This evidence concerns the gene PDK1 and diabetes mellitus.