LRP5 and neoplasm: Importantly, the binding of Wnt ligands to Frizzled receptors and LRP5/6 co-receptors induces β-catenin dephosphorylation, resulting in β-catenin accumulation and translocation to the nucleus, where it interacts with target genes to activate their expression and regulate CSC activity (Giannoni et al., 2011; Giannoni et al., 2010) reported that Wnt ligands secreted by CAFs can induce CSC characteristics and differentiation resistance in tumor cells.