Serum ELISA results of PELI1 and PYGL showed no significant difference between BPD and Controls (P > 0.05), the expression level of STAT4 was downregulated in BPD samples (P < 0.05), and the AUC value of the STAT4 was higher than 0.7. The gene discussed is PELI1; the disease is bronchopulmonary dysplasia.