S100A8 and cancer: In addition, S100A8/9 has significant proinflammatory effects on a variety of cancers (lung, liver, colorectal, etc.)and inflammatory diseases (sepsis, rheumatoid arthritis, etc.)(Başsorgun et al., 2014; Gebhardt et al., 2015; Hermani et al., 2006; Liu et al., 2022; Petersen et al., 2000; Sy et al., 2005; Zhang et al., 2023; Di Ceglie et al., 2018; Rodriguez-Smith et al., 2021; Wei et al., 2025).