BRAF and neoplasm: At the same time, our case report proposes for the first time the association between enhanced efficacy of the dabrafenib-trametinib combination and RNF43 mutations in lung cancer, further suggesting the hypothesis on the relevance of RNF43 mutations in predicting the clinical benefit of targeted therapies and on the cross-talk between the MAPK and WNT pathways that may modulate the anti-tumor activity of anti-BRAF therapies (10).