BRAF and non-small cell lung carcinoma: In patients with BRAFV600E-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), dabrafenib (BRAF inhibitor) and trametinib (MEK inhibitor) combination therapy has shown substantial anti-tumor activity and improved treatment outcomes compared with previous observations in patients who primarily received standard-of-care chemotherapy, thanks to its activity on the different components of the MAPK/ERK pathway (4–6).