PPARG and hydrops fetalis: Xin-shu-bao tablets also exert cardioprotective effects in HFrEF by regulating PPARγ/MFGE8-mediated lipid metabolism and attenuating ventricular remodeling (165).Together, these findings underscore the potential of multi-target traditional therapies to modulate mitochondrial–nuclear crosstalk and lipid homeostasis in subtype-specific HF management (Supplementary Table S1).