These bacteria were positively correlated with markers of disease progression from AOM/DSS-induced IBD to CAC and genes in the NOD2/NF-κB pathway, including Bacilli, Bacillales, Staphylococcaceae, Staphylococcus, Lactobacillales, Aerococcus, Alloprevotella, and Akkermansia. Here, NOD2 is linked to infectious otitis media.