STING1 and Sepsis: In mouse models of sepsis, itaconate and its derivative, 4-octyl itaconate (4-OI), inhibits STING phosphorylation and the production of downstream inflammatory factors like IFN-β and TNF-α through alkylation of STING at cysteine sites 65, 71, 88, and 147 to ameliorate inflammation [152].