Immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) therapies, including PD-1/PD-L1-targeted immunotherapies, have demonstrated significant clinical benefits in the treatment of lung cancer and triple-negative breast cancer by enhancing antitumor immune responses through the blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 binding, thereby inhibiting their immunosuppressive function [4,5]. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is lung cancer.