Indeed, although T2D is characterized by a strong genetic basis, with inheritance estimated between 20% and 80%, the approximately 700 genetic variants identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS), half of which were discovered in the past three years, related to beta cell function, insulin secretion, and insulin resistance, account for almost 20% of the hereditability of the disease, clearly indicating the substantial contribution of other determinants to the disease’s development [12,13,14,15]. This evidence concerns the gene INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus.