NOS2 and Alzheimer disease: In 3xTg-AD mice, cycles of a fasting-mimicking diet (FMD) reduced microglial density in the hippocampus and cortex, decreased expression of M1 markers (e.g., inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and CD86), and increased M2 markers (e.g., Arg1, IL-10) [45].