Therapeutically, targeting ferroptosis shows promise in various cancers: Fatostatin induces ferroptosis in glioblastoma by inhibiting the AKT/mTORC1/GPX4 pathway [47], while bupivacaine modulates both apoptosis and ferroptosis in bladder cancer by suppressing the PI3K/AKT pathway, thereby effectively reducing tumor growth in vitro and in vivo [48]. The gene discussed is GPX4; the disease is urinary bladder carcinoma.