MMP9 and neoplasm: The treatment also led to a reduction in the levels of the chemokines CXCL12 and CCL2 in the primary tumor cells of PyMT mice and reduced the secretion of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) from primary tumor cells and inhibited their proliferation, which was associated with a downregulation of cyclin D1 expression, as well as a decrease in phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and signal transducer and STAT3 [69].