CFLAR and breast carcinoma: Furthermore, bardoxolone methyl treatment resulted in a rapid depletion of intracellular levels of the anti-apoptotic protein c-FLIPL, thus suggesting that bardoxolone methyl exerts its cytotoxic effects on breast cancer cells via dual mechanisms: ER dysfunction mediated by Ca2+/ROS signaling, and caspase-dependent apoptosis driven by c-FLIPL suppression [72].