In this study, we used EVs extracted from healthy individuals’ serum and TB patients’ serum quantified via BCA; the measured protein concentration was used as a basis to represent the number of EVs for subsequent assays [54], and the CCK-8 assay was performed following the co-incubation of EVs of different protein concentrations with CT26 or RAW264.7 cells. The gene discussed is DDX53; the disease is tuberculosis.