Several studies have demonstrated that other sage bioactive compounds, such as caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, and apigenin, exerts hypoglycemic effects via multiple mechanisms, including enhancement of peripheral insulin sensitivity, reduction of hepatic gluconeogenesis, modulation of glucose uptake through GLUT-4 translocation, reduction of oxidative stress, and inhibition of inflammatory cascades involved in insulin resistance [50,52,53]. This evidence concerns the gene INS and Insulin resistance.