TF and neoplasm: Extrinsic coagulation mediated by TF is rapid, and intravascular aggregation of CTCs is rare14; thus, when apoptotic and tumor cells do not enter circulation together—modeled herein as separate injections into opposing tail veins—apoptotic cell-induced coagulation would not occur in proximity to a tumor cell, thus abrogating the metastatic benefit conferred by apoptotic cells.