Chang TC et al. showed that UJ regulates lipid metabolism through the activation of factors related to downstream AMPK regulation, increases insulin secretion, improves insulin resistance, and regulates and lipid metabolism disorders by decreasing the ratio of pIRS-1 (Ser307))/IRS-1, and upregulates Akt activity and FoxO1 phosphorylation for the treatment of MAFLD (Chang et al., 2021). Here, INS is linked to Insulin resistance.