The most effective preoperative prophylactic treatment for hyperthyroid patients preparing for surgery involves a comprehensive approach: reducing thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion through the use of thionamides, iodine solutions, or both; safeguarding the cardiovascular system and maintaining hemodynamic stability with beta-blockers; and decreasing circulating free T3 levels while substituting cortisol in patients with adrenal insufficiency through the administration of corticosteroids. The gene discussed is TG; the disease is Adrenal insufficiency.