ACE and diabetes mellitus: CKD, male sex, advanced age, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB), and antithrombotic therapy are reported risk factors for AKI in patients with hip fractures, as identified in prior studies [6,7,10,11,12,13,14,15].