BIRC5 and cancer: Several studies have suggested that variants in the BIRC5 gene may serve as potential genetic markers for cancer susceptibility as: endometrial [16], prostate [17,18], gastrointestinal [19], bladder [20,21], colorectal [22], ovarian cancer [12], oropharyngeal squamous cell [6], hepatocellular [23], nasopharyngeal [24], renal cell cancer [25], chronic myeloid leukemia [26], non-small cell lung [27], and breast cancer [5,28].