GNAS and thyroid gland carcinoma: Thyroid carcinoma common genetic alterations include CTNNB1, BRAF, EGFR, FOXL2, GNAS, KRAS, NRAS, HRAS, RET-PTC3, TERT, RET-PTC1, PAX8-PPARɤ, PIK3CA, and TP53 mutations [18].